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How do you make chicken feed, requirement law material for making poultry feed



How do you make chicken feed, requirement law material for making poultry feed, poultry feed formulation

Hi to day am here to discuss with you how you can make chicken feed which help your chicken to grow fast and laying many eggs. Due to high cost of feed from industry I will giving you our poultry feed formula. These formulation will help you to reduce feeding cost in poultry farming as you know in poultry farming 75% of cost is a cost of feed. But if you start to make your own poultry feed the cost will be low and profit increase.

Let me start with
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The nutrients requirements in poultry feed is as follows

  1.  Protein
  2. Carbohydrates
  3. Fats
  4. Vitamins
  5. Water

Function of these nutrients is

  • Maintenance
  • Growth
  • Production
  • Reproduction
Classes of nutrients
Protein; complex organic molecules containing hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. 
Biochemical components of body cells, enzyme hormones and antibodies important for growth and tissue development.

Feed contains protein are
  • Meat and bone meal
  • Fish meal
  • Legumes e.g soya bean
  • Cereal grains
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Protein: consist of one or more amino acids (AA)chains
Amino acids released during digestion for absorption to take place. Poultry require 22 amino acid in their body but un able to store the amino acids. They have to be offered the 10 essential amino acids daily.

What is the source of protein?


Plants and animals are two source of protein
Plants source: Directly from grains such as maize -9% crude protein (CP) and indirect from grains by product e.g. soya bean meal, sunflower cake, cotton seed cake.
Animals source: By product of meat processing e.g fish meal,bone meal, blood meal. Animals acids digestibility varies with the ingredients. Animals protein are easier to digest than plant protein. Example amino acids digestibility maybe 60% for cotton seed cake and 90% in soya bean meal and animals protein source

Crude protein (CP)
Protein content in an Ingredient is referred to as crude protein. Based on the nitrogen content of the feed stuff. Protein contains approximately 10% nitrogen. Crude protein can constitute pure protein,non protein, nitrogen such as urea or uric acid. Assumption by NRC1994-1995 Is that 85% bioavailability of protein from oil poultry ingredients.

Carbohydrates
These are organic compounds that includes sugar, starches,cellulose and gums. Produced through photosynthesis and contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Carbohydrates do not contains nitrogen. Feed grains are high in carbohydrates and are important

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What is a source of energy?


Excess carbohydrates are stored as fat in body. 
Carbohydrates, not all carbohydrates can be digested by monogastric (animals with one stomach like chicken). Based on digestibility (ability of the chicken to easily digest since they have only one stomach unlike a cow forexample which has multiple stomach. Nitrogen free extract (NFE); Crude fiber (CF). Nitrogen free extract are sugar, starches etc. Which are highly digestible;crude fiber (CF) are cellulose and gums and are less digestible.

Fat and oils
Provide energy like carbohydrates,dense energy source providing 2.25 more energy than carbohydrates. Have an animal or plant origin. Fat are solid while oil are liquid at room temperature. Poultry require low level of fat important nutrients in a diet.

Minerals
Normally accuring inorganic compounds important for life and good health. function as a part of the body components eg bone, calcium and phosphorus; haemogrobin- iron, other regulate body functions.
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Classes of minerals


Macrominerals e.g calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. These are important minerals in poultry which maintain it's structure by bone which contains most calcium and phosphorus
Electrolytes eg sodium and chlorine 

Trace(microminerals)

What are the function of minerals?

The function of minerals are
  • Skeletal formation
  • Heart beat
  • Blood clotting
  • Biochemical function and regulations
  • Calcium phosphorus ratio 2:1
Trace(microminerals) includes;copper(Cu), selenium (Se), Zinc(Zn), Cobalt (Co), Manganese (Mn), Iron(Fe), Iodine (I), Molybdenum (Mo). Animals need very small amount of Trace minerals usually ranging from 0.05% to 0.25%. This small percentage is critical for performing essential body functions.

Vitamins
Vitamins are essential organic (carbon based compounds) needed in small amount by the body. Critical to all life processing such as growth, maintenance, reproduction. Vitamins do not directly build body tissue as do macro minerals like calcium and phosphorus. Assist many of enzymes controlling metabolic process of life and are often referred to as co-enzymes.

Vitamins:are either fats soluble or water soluble. They obtained naturally from plants and animals feedstuffs. Vitamins B12 originates from bacteria. The body stores fat soluble vitamins. Large amount of fat soluble vitamins can deadly to an animals.water soluble vitamins can not be stored in the body. Regularly intake of adquate amount of water soluble vitamins is important.

Fat soluble vitamins include
  • Vitamins A
  • Vitamins D
  • Vitamins E
  • Vitamins K
Water soluble vitamin include
  • Thiamine(Vitamin B1)
  • Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
  • Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)
  • Vitamin B12
  • Folic acid
  • Biotin
  • Niacin or nicotinic acid
  • Panthothenic acid
  • Chroline

Advantage of vitamins

Water
All animals require water for body functions. Water is necessar for digestion and absorption of nutrients, removal of waste, shaping cell and regulations of body temperature. Water is perhaps the single most important factor for life. Chicken usually consume approximately two times (2x) as much water as they consume feed.
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Principle of poultry nutrition

Food
Food: protein, carbohydrates, minerals,vitamin,lipids.

Water
Bird 🐦 require clean whole some water.types
Free(rain), borehole, from food they eat (about 10%) and metabolic water.

Function of water
  • Universal solvent
  • Blood circulation
  • Regulations of body temperature
Carbohydrates ( energy)
Bird require energy for maintenance, growth and production. This supplied by energy rich feed. When formulation ration should take to 60% of the ratio, protein 30% and mineral and vitamin components 11%.

Formulation for making 100 kg of chick mash (chick starter) use This for chicks with one day old up to eight weeks

Maize flour 10kg
Maize germ 28kg
Wheat bran 8kg
Wheat Pollard 21.5kg
Soya bean 13kg
Sunflower cake 10kg
Cotton seed cake 5kg
Stock lime 2.5kg
Dicalcium phosphate 1kg
Methionine 0.25kg
Chick primix 0.25kg
Salt 0.25kg
Toxin binder 0.25kg
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Formulation of making 100kg of Grower mash use this formula for chicken which have age of nine weeks up to starting laying aggs most of chicken starting to lay aggs in 19 weeks age


Maize 5kg
Maize bran 40kg
Wheat bran 25kg
Wheat Pollard 17kg
Fish meal 3 kg
Sunflower seeds cake 3kg
Cotton seed cake 2 kg
Stock lime 3kg
DCP 1 kg
Coccidiostant 0.25kg
Methionine 0.25 kg
Grower primix 0.25kg
Toxin binder 0.25kg
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Formulation for making 100 kg of layers mash(feed for chicken who starting to lay aggs) almost these feed can be given to chicken with 20 weeks age and above.


Maize 9kg
Maize germ 30kg
Wheat bran 13kg
Wheat Pollard 15kg
Fish meal 11 kg
Sunflower cake 8 kg
Cotton seed cake 4kg
Stick lime 7kg
Bone meal 1kg
DCP 1kg
Methionine 0.25kg
Layers primix 0.25kg
Salt 0.25kg
Toxin binder 0.25kg
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If you need poultry farming guide book like
These  books is free to use. Any one can use it click download button below to go directly in link which help you to download


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